Sword and scimitar: fourteen centuries of war between Islam and the West

Introduction: Jihad : the roots of conflict

Islam takes Christendom by storm : the Battle of Yarmuk, 636

The Jihad reaches an eastern wall of stone : the Siege of Constantinople, 717

The Jihad reaches a western wall of ice : the Battle of Tours, 732

Islam's new champions : the Battle of Manzikert, 1071

Christendom strikes back : the Battle of Hattin, 1187

The crusade victorious : the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, 1212

Muhammad's dream : the Siege of Constantinople, 1453

The rise and fall of Islam : the Siege of Vienna, 1683

Postscript: Muslim continuity vs. Western confusion.